Depression doesn’t
just affect adults. Children and teenagers can get depressed too.
Some studies show
that almost one in four young people will experience depression before they are
19 years old, according to the NHS.
It’s important to
get help early if you think your child may be depressed. The longer it goes on,
the more likely it is to disrupt your child’s life and turn into a long-term
problem.
What is depression?
Most people, young
people as well as adults, feel low, sad or `blue’ occasionally, this is a
normal reaction to experiences that are stressful or upsetting.
When these feelings
continue over a period of time, or take over and get in the way of your normal
daily life, it can become an illness. This illness is called ‘depression’.
Depression is one
of the most common emotional problems around the world but the good news is
that it is also one of the most treatable. In fact, 80% of people who receive
treatment for depression go on to have a better quality of life – they feel
better and enjoy themselves in a way that they weren’t able to before.
What are the causes of depression in young people?
There is no single
factor that can lead to the onset of depression. Genes and family tendencies
can determine whether someone is likely to be more susceptible to depression
but there are also many other factors that can act as potential triggers which
may prompt depression – one is the pressure of modern life on young people.
In our modern
society, young people are fed information which puts pressure on them to meet
needs that are often unrealistic. They are inundated with images as to how they
are meant to look, what they are meant to have and how they are meant to
behave, all based on the assumption that this is important to life. If young
people feel that they do not meet the images that are portrayed to them via the
media or peers, they can often feel different, that
they are not good
enough or disadvantaged which, if not dealt with appropriately, can lead to
depression as well as problems with self-esteem, and confidence.
School can be a
positive setting for learning, growth and development for many young people but
it can also be a place where young people struggle in terms of fitting in,
keeping up with a heavy work load, performance pressures and exam stress.
Failing an important exam at school can cause great frustration and may lead to
depressed feelings. Bullying is also an issue that unfortunately affects
many young people. Bullying can seriously affect a young person’s mental and
physical health. It can lead to feelings of anxiety, low self-esteem and poor
concentration. The transition from one school to another or the leaving
of school can also act as a trigger for the onset of depression.
Stressful
relationships can also act as triggers for depression. For some young
people, a negative, stressful or unhappy family atmosphere can affect their
self esteem and lead to depression. Conflict within the family, divorce
or separation leading to a change in living arrangements can lead to feelings
of insecurity, guilt, anger, rejection or a sense of loss. Poverty, abuse and
violence within the family are also key contributors. Difficulties in making
and maintaining friendships or relationships, can lead to low self esteem and a
loss of confidence which in turn makes it more difficult for the young person to
find someone they feel comfortable with to share their worries.
Other triggers that
have been identified in the lives of young people that may lead to the onset of
depression include; the loss of a loved one, physical illness of self or a
loved one, living with a parent or relative who has depression, being subject
to physical or emotional abuse, weight gain, something embarrassing happening
or a financial setback.
How to recognise signs of depression in young people
It is not always
easy to recognise the signs of depression in young people. Young people face
many challenges as they find their way in life but most balance their common
troubles with good friendships, success in school or outside activities and
develop a strong sense of self. Certain negative behaviours are to be expected,
such as occasional bad moods and acting out, however depression is something
different. Depression can lead to dramatic long term changes in personality,
mood and behaviour. Certain signs can help to identify whether a young
person is suffering from depression, whilst considering these signs it is also
important to acknowledge how long the symptoms have been present, their
severity and the degree to which the young person is acting in a different
manner to his or her usual self. Some signs of depression in young people
include:
- Moodiness and irritability
- Withdrawing from family, friends and regular activities
- Changes in sleeping and eating patterns
- Fatigue and lack of energy
- Difficulty concentrating
- Tearfulness and frequent crying
- Feeling guilty or bad, being self blaming or self critical
- Thoughts of death or suicide
- Feeling unhappy, miserable or lonely a lot of the time
If a young person
has all or many of these symptoms it may indicate that the young person is depressed.
What to do if a young person is depressed
If you do suspect a
young person as having depression, it is important to find support immediately,
recovery is much quicker in those who feel supported by those around them
whether a family member, friend, counsellor or doctor.
In supporting a
young person experiencing depression there are positive steps that you can take
to help and provide support. For instance:
- Encourage them to talk about their feelings making sure that it is clear
to the young person that you are willing to provide whatever support is
necessary
- Take an understanding approach and listen carefully to what the young
person is saying, if you criticise or pass judgement the young person will feel
that you do not take their emotions seriously and will refuse to talk on the
matter in the future
- Avoid comments like, “snap out of it”, “get your act together” as
this can strengthen feelings of self-blame and low self-esteem
- Learn about depression, the more you know the better equipped you will
be to help
- Research the sources of support that are available, offer to go with
them to a doctor’s appointment or to speak to someone else.
- Encourage the young person t take part in physical activity, exercise
such as walking the dog can help alleviate the symptoms of depression
- It is also important to look after your own mental health. Whilst it is
important to be there for a young person, don’t try and cope with everything on
your own. Getting help and support will make things easier for both you and
your young person.
Treatment available
If you feel that
your young person is showing signs that they are depressed, it is important to
seek professional help in order for a diagnosis to be made. A doctor will take
note of how long the young person has been showing symptoms of depression, the
extent to which the symptoms are interfering with their daily life and any
changes in behaviour. The doctor will also enquire as to whether or not there
is a family history of depression or a mental health disorder. Your doctor may
prescribe some medication to ease the young person’s symptoms or recommend
other specialist services such as counselling and talking therapies.
Whilst depression
can be a difficult condition to live with for the individual and the immediate
family and friends, it is important to remember that depression can be treated
and individuals have a good chance of making a full recovery when provided with
the appropriate treatment and support.
For further information on local organisations and sources of support,
contact MensSana, on 02838 392314 (Confidentiality will be respected at all
times).
www.menssanaproject.org.uk
Other sources of help:
NHS https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/stress-anxiety-depression/children-depressed-signs/
Action for
Children https://www.actionforchildren.org.uk/
Childline – https://www.childline.org.uk/
Become – https://www.becomecharity.org.uk/
Muslim Youth Helpline – https://www.myh.org.uk/
The Mix – https://www.themix.org.uk/mental-health
Young Stonewall – https://www.youngstonewall.org.uk/
Switchboard LGBT+ https://www.becomecharity.org.uk/